Special and special integrated education is an integral part of the Romanian national education system and offers all children/students/young people educational programs adapted to the degree of disability and their developmental needs.

It is organized at all levels of pre-university education, according to the type and degree of disability, such as: mental, hearing, sight, motor, associated.

Inclusive education was adopted in Romania since the 1990s by respecting diversity, initiating and practically achieving access and participation in education and social life for all categories of children. Today, approximately half of students with disabilities are educated in mainstream education.

The legislation in the field of special education has been designed to respond to a wide and very varied spectrum of special situations. Taking this reality into account, special, special integrated, and inclusive education has been organized at all levels of pre-university education, according to the type and degree of disability.

Special education units for students with sensory disabilities apply the mainstream school curriculum. These units only keep the structure and organizational form according to the special education system, while their content, school training, and specialization are similar to mainstream schools. Special technological high schools, high school classes, and special post-secondary classes are organized according to the mainstream school model (content, profiles, specializations, outcomes, objectives and/or competencies). What remains specific to these units are the strategies, modes, and methods of teaching/learning.

Upon graduation, students from these special education units take national exams (tests, baccalaureate or graduation exam) just like all graduates from mainstream education. For them, facilities and adaptations are stipulated in the methodologies for organizing and conducting the exams.

For each student with severe, profound, or associated disabilities, a personalized intervention plan is developed with specific objectives for their psycho-individual development needs and possibilities.

Students with special educational needs benefit from adaptations to examination procedures also in the case of ongoing assessments.