Ilfov County School Inspectorate*

In the case of incorrect completion due to the fault of the educational institution issuing the original study document, or in the case of presenting the original study document that is damaged to such an extent that it can no longer fulfill its intended purpose, based on a written request from the applicant, the educational institution that issued the document releases a duplicate, drawn up based on the documents found in the archive of the educational institution that demonstrate the applicant’s academic situation.

In the case of loss, destruction, or theft of the original study document, the request for issuance of the duplicate must be accompanied by the following documents, which are archived for 100 years at the school inspectorate, and the certified true copies at the educational institution:

a) notarial/consular declaration, given by the document holder, in which all necessary identification elements are included, the circumstances in which the original document was lost, as well as other details that confirm the disappearance of the respective study document. It is mandatory to include the following statement: "the original study document was not pledged/used as collateral at any state or private institution, either in the country or abroad, and was not knowingly transferred to another individual or legal entity";

b) proof of publication sop the loss, destruction, or theft of the study document in the Official Gazette of Romania, Part III;

c) legalized copy at the notary of the birth/marriage certificate;

d) two color photographs, size 3 x 4 cm;

e) written approval of the administrative council of the school inspectorate for the release of the duplicate, following the submission of documents by the educational institution.

For more details, please consult:

ORDER No. 3844/2016 of May 24, 2016 for the approval of the Regulation regarding the regime of study documents and school documents managed by pre-university educational institutions

The Ministry of Education has been running for over 12 years the national social protection program "Bani de liceu" (High School Money), through which it provides financial support for students in high schools and schools of arts and crafts.

For students who wish to obtain this financial support, we have launched the Bani de liceu portal, which, together with the discussion forum dedicated to this national program, represents an efficient means of information.

Beneficiaries are students who are supported by families whose monthly gross income per family member, earned in the last 3 months prior to submitting the file, is a maximum of 500 lei, as well as students who benefit from a protection measure or are under guardianship or curatorship if the income condition stated above is respected.

The documents will be submitted as copies, provided that, when submitting the application, the applicant also presents the original documents.

IMPORTANT!

By adopting Government Decision 712/2018 (available attached), starting from the school year 2018-2019, each beneficiary will receive monthly, throughout the duration of the courses, if all the legal conditions are met, the amount of 250 lei/month.
Besides indexing this amount (from 180 lei/month), the maximum threshold for granting the scholarship was also raised from 150 lei to 500 lei/family member, given the need to correlate the threshold for granting support with the current economic situation.

1. Enrollment in pre-university education

1.1. Admission conditions

1.1.1. Students from non-EU states may be enrolled in pre-university education in Romania if one of their parents, guardians, or legal supporters meets one of the following situations:

is repatriated;
has, through marriage, domicile in Romania;
is the holder of a residence permit in Romania;
carries out activities on the territory of Romania in accordance with legal provisions;
is studying in state/private accredited university or post-university education in Romania.

1.2. Application file

1.2.1. The student's file is sent to MEN – Directorate General for International Relations and European Affairs (DGRIAE), by the County School Inspectorate/School Inspectorate of Bucharest in whose area the educational institution operates, and contains the following documents:

Copies of identity documents of the student and of parents/guardian/legal supporter (student birth certificate, student passport, parents' passport, student residence permit, parents' residence permit, if they have them);
Copy and notarized translation of the student's birth certificate;
Copy of the court decision regarding the minor child's custody, if applicable;
Copies and notarized translations of school records;
Application for enrollment, endorsed by the management of the educational institution where enrollment will be made.

1.3. Enrollment for studies

1.3.1. Enrollment is carried out by approval issued by MEN – DGRIAE, based on the study documents in the personal file, without differential exams.

1.3.2. Enrollment of students from non-EU states, based on periods of studies completed abroad, proven by school records, can also be carried out during the school year, in accordance with the Regulation on the organization and functioning of pre-university educational institutions, approved by Order of the Minister of National Education No. 5115/2014

1.3.3. At the request of parents/guardian, enrollment of the student can also be carried out in a class below the level of studies resulting from documents.

1.4. Tuition fees

1.4.1. In compulsory education, foreign students benefit from schooling under the same conditions as Romanian citizens.

1.4.2. In upper secondary high school education, students from non-EU states pay tuition fees, in accordance with the provisions of Law no. 1/2011.

1.4.3. In pre-university education of all levels, foreign citizens who have obtained a form of protection in Romania can be schooled under the same conditions as Romanian citizens. The class in which students from this category, who do not have study documents, can be enrolled will be established following the evaluation carried out by the school unit nominated by the County School Inspectorate/School Inspectorate of Bucharest.

2. Taking the baccalaureate exam by citizens from non-EU states who have completed high school studies in another educational system and do not possess a baccalaureate diploma or its equivalent

2.1. Citizens from non-EU states who have completed high school studies in another educational system and do not possess a baccalaureate diploma or its equivalent may, upon request, take the national baccalaureate exam, depending on the profile of the pre-university studies completed, at an exam center established by the County/Bucharest Baccalaureate Commission.

2.2. Taking the national baccalaureate exam by citizens from non-EU states who have completed high school studies in another educational system and do not possess a baccalaureate diploma or its equivalent, is conditional on payment of the tuition fee, according to the provisions of Law no. 1/2011.

This methodology includes rules for the organization and conduct of the certification exam for graduates of high school education, technological branch, hereinafter referred to as the certification exam, for obtaining the qualification certificate, in accordance with Art. 31, para. (6) and Art. 77, para. (6) and (7) of the National Education Law no. 1/2011, with subsequent amendments and additions.

Graduates of high school education, technological branch, who take and pass the certification exam obtain the qualification certificate level 4, according to the National Qualifications Framework, and the descriptive supplement to the certificate, in Europass format.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to public high school education for the 2018-2019 school year is conducted according to the regulatory framework approved by the Ministry of Education.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to public high school education for the 2018-2019 school year is conducted in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting admission to public high school education for the 2011-2012 school year, approved by the order of the Minister of Education, Research, Youth and Sports no. 4.802/2010 regarding the organization and conduct of admission to down public high school education for the 2011-2012 school year.

Aptitude tests organized for admission to vocational high schools for the 2018-2019 school year are conducted in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting and the structure of the aptitude tests for admission to vocational high schools, provided in annex no. 3 to the order of the Minister of National Education no. 4.432/2014, with subsequent amendments.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to state vocational education for the 2018-2019 school year is conducted in accordance with the Methodology for organizing and conducting the admission to ^public vocational education, approved by the Order of the Minister of National Education and Scientific Research no. 5.068/2016.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to dual vocational education for the 2018-2019 school year is conducted in accordance with the framework methodology for organizing and conducting the admission to dual vocational education for professional qualifications level 3, according to the National Qualifications Framework, approved by the order of the Minister of National Education no. 3.556/2017.

Candidates who, during lower secondary education, pass internationally recognized exams for certifying language skills in foreign languages may request recognition and equivalence of the results obtained in these exams with the test for verifying modern language knowledge for admission to 9th grade classes with bilingual programs for teaching an internationally used modern language.

The Ministry of National Education informs that, in order to include children aged between 3 and 6 years in preschool education, the following stages will take place successively at the level of each education unit:

• re-enrollment of children who are attending kindergarten this school year and wish to continue attending in the 2018-2019 school year - will begin on May 7th;
• enrollment of new children will be carried out starting May 21st.

The schedule of re-enrollments and enrollments will be set by the management of the education unit and will be posted, in a visible place, in every kindergarten, for the information of parents and the interested public, including on its website (if one exists), and possibly on the school inspectorates' websites.

The filling of available places, after the completion of the re-enrollment process, will generally be done in descending order of age groups, as follows: large group (5-year-old children), middle group (4-year-old children), and small group (3-year-old children). Based on GD no. 1.252/2012 and within the limits of available places, children aged between 2 and 3 years can also be enrolled in the small group.

In the situation where, within an education unit, the number of enrollment requests is higher than the number of available places, general and specific tie-breaking criteria will be applied successively.

The general tie-breaking criteria are as follows:

• the existence of a document proving that a child is an orphan of both parents (the situation of a child coming from an orphanage/a placement center/foster care is assimilated to the situation of a child orphaned of both parents);
• the existence of a document proving that the child is orphan of a single parent;
• the existence of a sibling enrolled in the respective education unit;
• the existence of a medical certificate for the child's classification in a degree of disability.

The specific tie-breaking criteria (elaborated by each preschool education unit, approved by its Board of Administration, and endorsed by the County School Inspectorate/School Inspectorate of Bucharest until May 18) cannot be discriminatory and cannot include pre-registration lists. Also, specific tie-breaking criteria will only be applied after the exhaustion of general criteria.

To ensure the transparency of the re-enrollment/enrollment process, the managements of preschool education units will post, in plain sight, for all interested, the following information:

• the institution's capacity (the number of children it was designed for);
• the number of places approved by the school plan for the 2018-2019 school year (by age groups: small, middle, large);
• the general and specific criteria for the enrollment of children;
• the number of children re-enrolled/enrolled daily (in the set period) from the total available.

We mention that private preschool education units are also obliged to post in a visible place information regarding their status, namely whether they are authorized to operate provisionally or are accredited by the Agency for Quality Assurance in Pre-university Education (ARACIP).

I. PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION:

The methodology for the schooling of Romanians from everywhere in the state pre-university education in Romania for places of study without paying tuition fees, but with scholarship, respectively without paying tuition fees, but without scholarship starting with the 2017-2018 school year

1. Pre-university enrollment form 2018-2019​

2. Pre-university education places offer 2018-2019

Both the enrollment form and the offer of places in pre-university education will also be published on the School Inspectorate's website

II. HIGHER EDUCATION:​

1. In the 2018 - 2019 academic year, state higher education institutions in Romania organize the admission competition for Aromanian people from everywhere, including citizens of the Republic of Moldova, for undergraduate/master’s/doctoral studies, based on university autonomy, similar to the previous year, according to the provisions from the methodology for schooling in higher education;

2. Candidates may choose any field of study and any state higher education institution in Romania or, in the case of candidates from the Republic of Moldova, within the extensions opened by Romanian universities in Chișinău, Cahul and Bălți;

3. For ensuring submission within the deadline set by higher education institutions, we recommend that the application files are sent exclusively to the universities, to avoid delays in receiving/processing them, in case they are sent through other channels;

4. Enrollment in accredited public and private higher education in Romania, for tuition fee-based places in lei, is made according to the provisions of MEN Order no. 4294/29.06.2017;

5. Additional information regarding admission to Romanian universities can be obtained by accessing the links of each higher education institution in the informational document attached to this procedure.

Higher education is organized in universities, academies of studies, institutes, schools of higher studies, hereinafter referred to as higher education institutions or universities, which have obtained provisional authorization to operate or accreditation.

Higher education institutions are education-providing organizations that carry out teaching activities based on study programs authorized to operate provisionally/accredited according to the law, initial and continuous training at university level, programs that operate on the principle of quality and correlation of educational offer with the labor market.

The national higher education system includes all accredited higher education institutions. A higher education institution authorized to operate provisionally, according to the legal procedures in charm, becomes part of the national higher education system only after accreditation. For more information you can also visit the website of the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education - www.aracis.ro.

Higher education institutions can be public, private or denominational. These institutions have legal personality, are non-profit and are apolitical. Higher education institutions are legal entities under public law or, as the case may be, legal entities under private law and of public utility.

University autonomy is guaranteed by the Constitution. Academic freedom is guaranteed by law. Public accountability is also regulated for any higher education institution, public or private.

By an annual government decision, the following are validated:

• The Classification of the fields and specializations/university study programs per union
• the structure of accredited or provisionally authorized public and private higher education institutions, with:
  • fields of university bachelor's studies and accredited or provisionally authorized specializations/study programs,
  • geographical locations of conduct,
  • number of transferable study credits for each university study program,
  • form of education and language of instruction,
  • the maximum number of students that can be enrolled

The mission of higher education is to generate and transfer knowledge to society both through initial and continuous training at university level, for the purpose of personal development, professional insertion of the individual and meeting the competence needs of the socio-economic environment, as well as through scientific research, development, innovation and technology transfer, through individual and collective creation, in the field of sciences, engineering sciences, arts, letters, by ensuring performance and physical and sports development, as well as capitalizing and disseminating their results. All these are achieved respecting the following principles:

a) the principle of university autonomy;

b) the principle of academic freedom;

c) the principle of public accountability;

d) the principle of quality assurance;

e) the principle of equity;

f) the principle of managerial and financial efficiency;

g) the principle of transparency;

h) the principle of respecting the rights and freedoms of students and academic staff;

i) the principle of independence from median, religions and political doctrines;

j) the principle of national and international mobility freedom of students, teaching staff and researchers;

k) the principle of consultation of social partners in decision making;

l) the principle of student-centered education.

Structure of the academic year (according to Law no. 1/2011 – art. 136)

• The academic year usually begins on the first working day of October, includes two semesters and ends on September 30 of the following calendar year.
• A semester usually lasts 14 weeks of teaching activities, usually followed by a minimum of 3 weeks of exams.
• The structure of the academic year is approved by the university senate.
• In assigning transferable study credits from a semester a period of minimum 17 weeks is taken into account.
• The university senate of each higher education institution annually approves, at least 3 months before the beginning of the academic year, the regulation regarding the professional activity of students, as well as the calendar of educational activities specific to the academic study semesters.

The "Professional scholarship" is a national social program addressed to all students attending vocational education and consists of monthly financial support.

Children of foreigners who are beneficiaries of a form of protection in Romania or of foreigners, respectively citizens of the European Union/the European Economic Area and of the Swiss Confederation with right of residence/residency on the territory of Romania, who attend vocational education, also benefit from the "Professional scholarship".

Students in vocational education cannot simultaneously benefit from the "Professional scholarship" and from the financial support granted to students within the National Social Protection Program "High School Money".

At the level of the Ministry of Education, a national monitoring committee for granting the "Professional scholarship" is established.

The "School after School" (ȘDȘ) program is a complementary program to the mandatory school program, offering opportunities for formal and non-formal learning, for consolidating competencies, remedial learning, and accelerated learning through educational, recreational, and leisure activities, and is addressed to both primary and secondary education students.

The SDS program can take place before or after the mandatory school program (depending on the schedule of each level of study), at the school, in the situation where it has the necessary material and human resources for organizing this program.

In primary education, the SDS program includes activities with specialized support (supervision and guidance in doing homework, recovery for students with cognitive, emotional difficulties, language disorders through remedial activities, counseling, speech therapy, activities to encourage independent reading, etc.), workshops/thematic activities, and other types of recreational activities.

Each school, depending on the target group, creates modules of activity packages by combining the activities mentioned above.

In secondary education, the SDS program includes a package of activities for accelerated learning and performance (preparation for participation in competitions and school olympiads, sports, artistic, subject-based contests, participation/organization of festivals, exhibitions, creation of school publications, participation in European cooperation activities), a support activities package (providing psycho-pedagogical assistance for recovering learning gaps, support activities for doing homework, remedial activities, psychological counseling) and a preparation for life package (organizing personal development activities, activities aimed at developing an active attitude and student involvement, healthy lifestyle, career education, etc.).

The program can be organized in modules, over time units set at the level of the educational institution depending on the target group and identified needs, by combining packages of activities oriented towards the development of transferable competencies.

The program is carried out in groups of students (maximum 12 students), formed according to the identified options and needs. The activities are designed, organized, and supported by teachers from primary and secondary education, counselors, support teachers, librarians, speech therapists, lab assistants, pedagogues, coaches, school mediators, volunteers from the school, from competent partner institutions and organizations.

Special and integrated special education is an integral part of the Romanian national education system and offers all children/pupils/young people educational programs adapted to the degree of disability and their developmental needs.

It is organized at all levels of pre-university education, depending on the type and degree of disability, as follows: intellectual, hearing, visual, motor, associated.

Inclusive education was adopted in Romania as early as the 1990s by respecting diversity, initiating and practically ensuring access and participation in education and social life for all categories of children. Today, approximately half of students with issuing disabilities are educated in mainstream education.

The legislation in including special education was designed to meet a broad and very varied spectrum of special situations. Taking this reality into account, special, integrated special and inclusive education has been organized at all levels of pre-university education, depending on the type and degree of disability.

Special education units for students with sensory disabilities apply the curriculum of mainstream schools. These units retain only the structure and organizational form according to the special education system, while in terms of content, schooling, and specialization they are similar to mainstream schools. Special technological high schools, high school classes and special post-secondary classes are organized following the mainstream school model (content, profiles, specializations, outcomes, objectives and/or competencies). What remains specific to these units are the strategies, ways and methods of teaching/learning.

Upon graduation, students from these special education units take national exams (tests, baccalaureate or graduation exam) just like all graduates from mainstream education. For them, there are stipulated facilities and adaptations in the methodologies for organizing and conducting exams.

For each student with severe, profound, or associated disabilities, a personalized intervention plan is developed with objectives specific to their needs and possibilities for psycho-individual development.

Students with special educational needs benefit from adaptations of examination procedures also in the case of ongoing assessments.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to public high school education for the 2018-2019 school year takes place according to the normative framework approved by the Ministry of Education.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to public high school education for the 2018-2019 school year takes place in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting admissions to public high schools for the 2011-2012 school year, approved by the Order of the Minister of Education, Research, Youth and Sports no. 4.802/2010 regarding the organization and conducting of admissions to public high schools for the 2011-2012 school year.

The aptitude tests organized for admission in the 2018-2019 school year to vocational high schools are conducted in accordance with the methodology of organization and conduct and the structure of aptitude tests for admission to vocational high schools, provided in annex no. 3 to the order of the Minister of National Education no. 4.432/2014, with subsequent amendments.

Candidates who pass, during lower secondary education, internationally recognized exams for the certification of language skills in foreign languages may request the recognition and equivalence of the results obtained in these exams with the test for verifying modern language knowledge for admission to 9th grade classes with bilingual teaching in a modern international language.

Educational incentives are granted to children from disadvantaged families under the following cumulative conditions:

a) the child is enrolled in a preschool education unit, in accordance with LEN no.1/2011, with subsequent amendments and completions;

b) the monthly income per family member is up to twice the guaranteed minimum income level for a single person, as provided by Law no. 416/2001 regarding the guaranteed minimum income, with subsequent amendments and completions.

Law no. 248/2015 regarding the stimulation of participation in preschool education for children from disadvantaged families; Government Decision No. 15/2016 for the approval of the Methodological Norms for the application of the provisions of Law no. 248/2015 regarding the stimulation of participation in preschool education for children from disadvantaged families and the procedure for granting social vouchers for kindergarten.

In order to encourage school attendance, in 2002 the School Supplies Program was launched, aimed at students in state primary and lower secondary education, attending day courses. At the beginning of each school year, packages with school supplies specific to each grade are distributed.

The composition of the school supplies packages granted to students is established based on the Methodology for the application of the provisions of Law no. 126/2002 for the approval of Government Emergency Ordinance no. 33/2001 on granting school supplies.

Funding application submitted by the Ministry of National Education, at the beginning of September 2017, through the Operational Program for Assisting Disadvantaged Persons (POAD) 2014-2020 was approved. The decision allows, starting with this school year, the purchase of supplies for preschoolers, as well as the addition of backpacks to the supply packages granted to students in the primary and lower secondary cycles.

Teaching and research titles

Employment in a teaching or research position within higher education institutions is done for a fixed term or for an indefinite period. Employment for an indefinite period on any teaching or research position is possible only through a public competition, organized by the higher education institution, after obtaining the doctoral degree. See also HG_457_2011 (Annex 8).

Only persons who meet the minimum and mandatory standards for registration for the competition to occupy teaching and research positions in higher education, approved by Order no. 6560/2012 regarding the approval of the minimum and mandatory standards necessary for granting teaching titles in higher education and professional research-development grades, with subsequent amendments and completions (Annex 9), can apply for teaching and research positions in higher education.

The following teaching and research positions are found in higher education institutions:

- teaching positions:

a) university assistant;

b) university lecturer/laboratory chief;

c) university associate professor;

d) university professor.

- research positions:

a) research assistant;

b) scientific researcher;

c) scientific researcher grade III;

d) scientific researcher grade II;

e) scientific researcher grade I.

The equivalence of research positions with teaching positions is as follows:

a) scientific researcher is equivalent to university assistant, for persons holding a doctoral degree;

b) scientific researcher grade III is equivalent to university lecturer/laboratory chief;

c) scientific researcher grade II is equivalent to university associate professor;

d) scientific researcher grade I is equivalent to university professor.

The general list of teaching and auxiliary research positions in higher education is approved by the joint Order (MENCS/MMFPSPV) no. 6419/2858/2011 (Annex 10).

Higher education institutions with available positions can be found here: www.jobs.edu.ro

The National Assessment for eighth grade students is the means of external summative evaluation of the competencies acquired during lower secondary education.

The exam takes place annually in a single session. Both candidates from public education and those from private education have the right to take the National Assessment free of charge.

The average grade obtained at the National Assessment VIII is a decisive criterion for admission to high school education.

National coordination of the planning, organization, and conduct of the National Assessment VIII, as well as the use of its results, is ensured by the Ministry of Education through the National Center for Assessment and Examination (CNEE).

The elaboration of specific assessment procedures is carried out by CNEE, after consulting the specialized departments of the ministry.

Coordination at county level/the municipality of Bucharest for organizing the National Assessment VIII, as well as the use of its results, is ensured by the school inspectorate.

The "Second Chance" program is aimed at adolescents, young people, adults, coming from various social backgrounds and with different ages, who have not attended or have not completed primary and lower secondary education. The program offers these categories of people the opportunity to continue and complete compulsory education without being forced to interrupt any professional or family activities they may be engaged in.

The program is structured on two levels: Second Chance – primary education and Second Chance – lower secondary education – the latter also having a vocational training component.

There is no upper age limit for those who wish to enroll in this program. The condition is that they have exceeded by at least 4 years the age appropriate for the grade and are in one of the following situations:

For the Second Chance – primary education program:

• have not participated at all in formal – school – education;
• were enrolled, but dropped out of primary education – regardless of when and why;
• have not graduated from primary education by the age of 14.

For the Second Chance – lower secondary education program:

• have graduated from compulsory primary education (including through the Second Chance system) but did not continue their education further

or:

• have completed some classes corresponding to lower secondary education (V, VI or VII), but dropped out during this educational cycle – regardless of when and why.

The Second Chance Program is a flexible program, so as to motivate learners and encourage them to complete it, to provide more autonomy to schools in its implementation, and also to give the necessary support to all those involved, through teacher training programs and educational materials for learners and teachers. Through the program, innovative elements have been introduced in the educational process, such as: modular curriculum and a credit system for basic education, evaluation, certification and recognition of competencies previously acquired by learners, provision of individualized training programs.

Enrollment in the Second Chance program can take place each year in two sessions: October and February.

Students enrolled in the program can have very different levels and expectations. The new program ensures a transparent offer of modules that students can follow to develop competencies, as a result of participation in cooperative learning activities, in real contexts and with tasks and topics that respond to their interests and needs.

Learning will take place in small groups (8-15 students in each class). Courses can take place according to various schedules (during the week in the afternoon or evening, on Saturdays or during school holidays, etc.) depending on the possibilities of learners and teachers. Individual consultation hours are planned and available to students.

The program has a flexible duration. The average schooling duration (2 years for primary education, respectively 4 years for lower secondary education) can be reduced for each student individually, depending on proven competencies, both in basic education and in vocational training.

Graduates have the right to continue their studies, according to the law, as follows:

Graduates of the Second Chance Program - primary education can continue their studies in lower secondary education;

Graduates of the Second Chance Program - lower secondary education can continue their studies in upper secondary education (the upper cycle of high school) or can undergo practical training stages, after which they have the possibility to obtain a Level 3 professional qualification certificate.

For young people in the program, the graduation certificate will not represent just a personal success, but the chance for another tomorrow.

This procedure regulates the way of organizing and conducting the language proficiency test for admission to the 5th grade with an intensive program of teaching a modern international language, at the level of public or private pre-university education institutions in Romania, based on the provisions of Art. 6 (2) and (3) of the Framework Regulation for the organization and functioning of classes with intensive or bilingual teaching of a modern language in pre-university education institutions, approved by OMEN no. 4797/31.08.2017.

Post-secondary education is organized for professional qualifications established by the Ministry of National Education in accordance with the National Register of Qualifications.

In post-secondary education, high school graduates with or without a baccalaureate diploma can enroll, admission being carried out in accordance with the general criteria established by the Ministry of National Education.

Post-secondary education is carried out through post-secondary schools and master schools. Both post-secondary schools and master schools represent specialized training routes, with a duration of 1-3 years, depending on the complexity of the qualification.

Graduates of post-secondary education who pass the professional qualification certification exam obtain a level 5 qualification certificate according to the National Qualifications Framework, corresponding to the reference level 5 of the European Qualifications Framework (specialist technician) and the descriptive supplement to the certificate, according to Europass.

Post-secondary education is organized in post-secondary schools, within high schools with legal personality, or in colleges within accredited higher education institutions.

Schooling in state post-secondary education is financed through the local budgets of administrative-territorial units, from amounts broken down from state budget revenues and from local budget revenues. Schooling can also be funded by applicants, natural or legal persons, by contract concluded with the educational institution that provides the schooling.

Education and vocational training credits obtained in post-secondary education can be recognized for graduates with a baccalaureate diploma by universities, based on decisions of the university senate, as transferable study credit units for the bachelor's level.

​

The National Baccalaureate Exam 2018 is conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Methodology for organizing and conducting the Baccalaureate exam - 2011 (approved by the order of the minister of education, research, youth and sports no. 4.799/2010 regarding the organization and conduct of the Baccalaureate exam - 2011, with subsequent amendments), and with the provisions of the attached ministerial order.

The dedicated portal http://bacalaureat.edu.ro offers updated information regarding the methodology, calendar, and results of the baccalaureate exam.

Enrollment in primary education is based on a methodology approved by the Ministry of Education.

Thus, children who turn 6 years old by August 31st, 2018, inclusive, must be enrolled in the preparatory class, in accordance with the Education Law.

Parents need to go to the school inspectorates and educational institutions, which are obligated to provide information and guidance regarding enrollment.

At the headquarters of the inspectorates and educational institutions, lists with the school districts must be displayed, and parents must be informed about the content of educational activities conducted in the preparatory class, the teaching approach, the organization of the school program, etc.

Children who turn 6 years old during the period September 1st - December 31st, 2018, inclusive, can be enrolled if their psychosomatic development is appropriate.

All educational institutions are obligated to provide information regarding the procedure for enrolling children in primary education, regardless of whether the parents belong to the respective district or not.